美社会学家镜头下20世纪早期美国童工艰辛生活

2013-04-18 19:50

来源:人民网作者:崔凯点击:次

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1908年至1924年，作为美国国家童工委员会的调查人员和摄影师，社会学家刘易斯海因用摄像机记录了当时美国童工艰辛的生活状况。直到1938年6月25日罗斯福总统签署《公平劳动者标准法案》禁止以任何形式雇佣年龄不到16岁的儿童进行有偿劳动，这一现象才得以结束。

(责任编辑：张云文)

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<h2>1910年，阿拉巴马州伯明翰，一些在磨坊工作的儿童进行合影。从照片中可以看出，他们浑身脏兮兮，卫生状况十分之差。</h2>
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<h2>1916年，纽约市，一家纽扣加工厂在门口挂出告示，招揽童工。</h2>
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<h2>　1908年，北卡罗来纳州加斯托尼亚，图中的两名男孩分别只有10岁（图右）和12岁（图左），但他们分别已经在这家磨坊工作了3年和2年。</h2>
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<h2>1908年，西弗吉尼亚州费尔蒙特，一个在矿场工作的男孩。在很多地方，孩子们在年龄很小的时候就被父母送去干活，他们衣衫褴褛，工作条件极差。多数孩子因长期劳作，骨骼发育不全或者产生畸形，而他们每天的收入却很少。</h2>
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<h2>　1908年，北卡罗来纳州加斯托尼亚，图中的这名男孩表示自己已经工作了2年。工业化革命的到来引发劳动力需求激增，当时的资本家发现移民和童工是最好的剥削对象，他们既廉价又听话，并且很好管理。</h2>
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<h2>1908年，北卡罗来纳州加斯托尼亚，这名15岁的男孩子已经工作了长达8年之久，他患有贫血症。</h2>
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<h2>1916年，肯塔基州西点，这名14岁的男孩在一个农场工作。童工们因为要从事繁重的劳动，往往没有时间接受教育</h2>
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<h2>1910年，阿拉巴马州贝西矿区，一个男孩子站在镜头前拍照。</h2>
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<h2>1908年，纽约市，在一个肮脏的公寓里，一个寡妇带着一个男孩子正在卷烟。</h2>
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